Chapter 16 Footnotes
[1] These can be variously called the bowl judgments or the plague judgments. The bowls are probably the bowls that originally held the prayers of the saints, and the plagues are the final punishment on the earth for their deaths.
[2] Exodus 7:24
[3] Revelation 6
[4] Revelation 9:13
[5] Exodus 30:10, Leviticus 4:1-7
[6] Revelation 9:20
[7] Exodus 10:21-23
[8] Revelation 16:16
[9] Isaiah 11:16
[10] 2 Chronicles 18:18-22 is nearly identical.
[11] 1 Thessalonians 5:9
[12] Matthew 25:1-13
[13] It was the site of an important victory of the Egyptian Pharaoh Thutmose III over a coalition of kings about 1438 BC. Several battles in the Old Testament were fought near Megiddo, e.g. Judges 5:19, 2 Kings 23:29, 2 Chronicles 35:22). See also Joshua 17:16; Judges 6:33; 1 Samuel 29:1; Hosea 1:4-5.
[14] Revelation 16:16, Zechariah 12:10-11
[15] “Esdraelon” is the Greek form of the Hebrew “Jezreel”. It is the modern name for that valley.
[16] “ginomai”, literally “it is complete”, a cognate with “genesis”, “beginning”.
[17] “teleo”, literally “it is paid”.
[18] Revelation 21:6
[19] Revelation 11:8
[2] Exodus 7:24
[3] Revelation 6
[4] Revelation 9:13
[5] Exodus 30:10, Leviticus 4:1-7
[6] Revelation 9:20
[7] Exodus 10:21-23
[8] Revelation 16:16
[9] Isaiah 11:16
[10] 2 Chronicles 18:18-22 is nearly identical.
[11] 1 Thessalonians 5:9
[12] Matthew 25:1-13
[13] It was the site of an important victory of the Egyptian Pharaoh Thutmose III over a coalition of kings about 1438 BC. Several battles in the Old Testament were fought near Megiddo, e.g. Judges 5:19, 2 Kings 23:29, 2 Chronicles 35:22). See also Joshua 17:16; Judges 6:33; 1 Samuel 29:1; Hosea 1:4-5.
[14] Revelation 16:16, Zechariah 12:10-11
[15] “Esdraelon” is the Greek form of the Hebrew “Jezreel”. It is the modern name for that valley.
[16] “ginomai”, literally “it is complete”, a cognate with “genesis”, “beginning”.
[17] “teleo”, literally “it is paid”.
[18] Revelation 21:6
[19] Revelation 11:8
